Fittingly, this essay entitled "Endings" is the last in this "Old Stuff" series. I don't have a lot to say about it; it stands pretty well on its own, I think. Published 1994 with my masters' thesis.
----------Endings
But we do not want to get anywhere.
We would like only, for once,
to get to just where we are already.
-- Martin Heidegger
The Triumph of Beginnings
Beginnings are over-rated; they're so much more often the start of good than the start of bad. We often credit them with being the first step on the roads to success, to grand schemes or projects, and to anything that will eventually Be. Endings, however, though they can signal the conclusion of something horrible (say, for instance, war), are rarely celebrated with as much vigor as what begins from that same ending (peace). Sex generally feels good, and birth, the occasional end result of that sex, always hurts. After a birth, when the woman is finished hurting and sweating and screaming at her husband: "You did this to me!" the couple celebrates, not the end of a pregnancy, but the "defining moment:" the beginning of their child's life.We define things by their boundaries, and those boundaries help us to find the broader meaning and purpose in those things. A hole is not a hole because of the air it contains, which, if you raise it out of the ground would be nothing. Rather, a hole is a hole because of the walls of dirt that define the hole. In the same way, we define ourselves and each other by the car we drive, the community we live in, the job we perform daily, our race, our sex, the closeness of our family, or even our clothing style or musical preference. Any definition of us necessarily reads like a game-show introduction: We are a teenager from Long Island who likes to play roller-hockey; we're a retired social worker from Waterloo, Kentucky who hunts pheasant and collects stamps; we're a Sagittarius; we're an all-American college basketball player from Duke. We're defined by the greater context of the "things" and circumstances that make up our lives.Einstein called this greater context a "co-ordinate system"--the frame of reference that determines the position of any body at any given moment in time. For Einstein's purposes, the earth (its physical properties and laws) provided the frame of reference for his experiments and theories. The earth was his coordinate system. In one illustration of his theory of relativity he used a room (as a more accessible representative of the earth) to illustrate how the exact same event can occur at different times for two separate observers.Religious philosophers attempt to define the human soul by making God into a stable, relative system. Western religion gave Him a name: Jehovah. They gave Him a sex: male. They gave Him speech or the power to speak through humans and write books through them. They gave Him a human body so if one of his followers wants to pray they pray to an image and not just an idea. This image of God is so tacitly and completely acknowledged as the westernized system of religion that He even appeared once on "The Simpsons." It's the same God I saw, when, as a child I needed to ask forgiveness for having squashed a slug on my sister's new dress. In my mind (and on "The Simpsons") I saw a kindly old man with a full head of long, white hair and an equally long, white beard. He wore a flowing white robe tied at the waist with a golden rope, and on his feet he wore Birkenstocks.With the possible exception of ultra-dedicated scientists and the clergy, however, our everyday lives don't usually revolve solely around either a scientific or religious system. Rather, it is the coordinate system of beginnings and ends, as vague and undefinable as they may be, that we use to frame our lives, our bodies, and our minds. We measure our lives by beginnings and firsts: when we were born, when we spoke our first words, when we started driving, when we could legally buy alcohol, when we began to be a part of someone else....I fell in love with a friend. I cannot say, at what point in time this actually happened; I just looked closely one day and found myself falling or already fallen. Perhaps it was a sunny Sunday morning and I woke earlier than she did and just watched her as she slept. Maybe I realized, just then, as the soft glow of morning sunlight ignited her face: 'Yes, I love this woman.' But when did it actually happen? When did we cross the line between whatever we had before to the absolutely undefinable concept of "love?" Who knows? All I know is this: In the beginning I was happy; in the end I was sad.
Paradoxical ScienceNot every end is the goal. The end of a melody
is not its goal, and yet if a melody has not reached
its end, it has not reached its goal. A parable.
-- Friedrich NietzscheIf you hold a piece of string between your hands you have an "end" in each hand, but in more ways than one each end can also be called a beginning: The beginning of the string, the beginning of the transition from string to hand, or the beginning of the transition from string to air. Quantum physics has taught us that nothing is absolutely any one thing. The string--be it nylon, hemp, or cotton--has electrons, and those electrons, busy critters, move, flux, and orbit, constantly redefining the space of that piece of string. The electrons of your hand, too, constantly shape and reshape your "personal space" by their activity. In the resultant intermingling of the subatomic parts of your body and the string you become, to some extent, an extension of that piece of string and it becomes a part of you.Astronomers speak of a similar idea called "The Mediocrity Principle." This idea says that, at this time, the view of the universe from earth is no better or no worse than from anywhere else in the universe. As Chet Raymo says in his book The Virgin and the Mousetrap: "We're cosmically mediocre." But because the universe continues to expand, there must have been a time when it began to expand. Though with today's technology they have no way of knowing when exactly this occurred, astronomers have formed a hypothetical idea called zero time. Even this, zero time, is not the beginning of the universe, however; that's just when it began to take its current shape. You can trace the evolution of a loaf of bread back to when it was just a lump of ingredients, and you can trace it to a time when the ingredients came together, but even beyond that all the ingredients were still there; they just hadn't come together yet. Cosmologists differ on what they think the universe was before the ingredients came together or how they got there in the first place, but even the strictest of evolutionists believe in the literal truth of at least one bible passage: Ecclesiastes 1:9: "That which hath been is that which shall be; and that which hath been done is that which will be done: and there is nothing new under the sun."For the past twenty-five years or so Chaos Theory has been one of the hottest, most interesting fields of scientific study. Edward Lorenz was one of the founders of this new method of scientific inquiry, and the founding idea of chaos theory is what he called his "Butterfly Effect." In studying the earth's weather systems, Lorenz proved through a series of differential equations that even the tiniest fraction of error in the measurement of weather patterns could lead to drastically different effects. His term for this phenomena, sensitive dependence on initial conditions, is one of the most important characteristics defining chaotic behavior. For example, if a measurement was rounded off at the twentieth digit and placed into his equation, the result would vary considerably from the same measurement rounded off at the twenty first digit. His "Butterfly Effect," then, says that the flap of a butterfly's wings in Brazil will significantly affect the weather in Texas, eventually. What begins as a wing-flap today may someday be a hurricane. A ripple in the ocean may someday be a tsunami. What this says is that nothing is self-starting; the physical world is powered by inertia. The butterfly that causes the hurricane in Texas flaps its wings to escape the little Brazilian girl chasing it with a net. A surf contest is won in Hawaii by someone who got lucky and caught the best wave of the day--the wave having been started eight days earlier in Alaska by a young boy skipping stones.Because nothing can be called simply one thing or another, this sensitive dependence on initial conditions is applicable to more areas than just physical scientific theory. Because beginnings and ends form a type of coordinate system for human lives, slight variations in the characteristics of those points can also be the difference between love and hate, or getting or losing an important account. Because of the complexity and immeasurability of human emotions we can't even round off at the equivalent of the second digit, let alone the twentieth. But if first impressions are everything, wouldn't it be nice to know which glance, if properly given, would be the butterfly flap that accelerates into love?
ContinuanceI cried, and I burned in that cry.
I kept silent, and I burned in that silence.
Then I stayed away from extremes--
I went right down the middle,
And I burned in that middle.
-- Jalaluddin RumiDeath, while in many respects an "end," actually serves as more of a beginning for all but the most pessimistic of religions or philosophies. Even Socrates, at one time near the end of his life, at least, felt this sort of hopefulness. According to Plato, on his deathbed after having drunk the hemlock, Socrates mumbled these last words to Crito: "I owe a cock to Asclepius; do not forget it." In his time it was customary to offer a cock to Asclepius, the God of Healing, upon recovering from a sickness, so at a time of impending death Socrates was actually thinking of healing in one way or another and beginning anew. When he confronts the idea of his own death earlier, however, in Plato's Apology, he says: "If I were to claim to be wiser than my neighbor in any respect, it would be this: that not possessing any real knowledge of what comes after death, I am also conscious that I do not possess it." On his deathbed, then, Socrates seems to be offering the cock just in case, a common reason for religion for many dying people.All religions have death rituals or hopeful ideas of where they will end up after their death: Hindus seek to escape repeated reincarnation by practicing yoga, by adhering to Vedic scriptures, and by devotion to a personal guru; Buddhists seek a state of living Nirvana by following the path of righteousness--if they are not perfectly righteous then they repeat another lifetime that is either good or bad depending upon their actions (karma) in their previous life; Christians believe that if they take Jesus Christ as their savior they may gain access to heaven after their life on earth. Joseph Campbell believed that all of the world's religions are tied together by the similarity of their myths. Stories of creation, holy trinities, resurrections, deaths, and heavens repeat over and over again in slightly different forms. He believed, then, that all the world's religions are the same, but they're cloaked in different masks that betray the prejudices of the culture. One thing all religions have in common, however, is this: When we die, we all go somewhere else in one form or another.The beginning of a thing is its birth. The end of that thing is its death. Within the broad framework of our lives--the coordinate system that begins at age zero and completes some sort of cycle when our bodies stop breathing--we experience an infinite number of beginnings and ends. But like the electrons that float from hand to string to air, those points are enigmatic. We cannot label them; we just live them and live through them. At these times we may feel gain or loss, sadness or exhalation, weakness or strength, but all we can do is loiter within the realm of our knowledge, our personal universe. Like anything else, the edges of that universe are undefined, but one thing is certain: Now is less than an instant and then it is gone. All we can do is snap pictures of Nows. The pictures say this: beginnings will sometimes be happy; endings will often be sad. This is an ending. We continue.
